Answers
QRcode是二维码的一种。QRcode可以存储最多4296个字母数字类型的任意文本。这些文本可以是任何内容,例如,网址、联系信息、电话号码。QR code存储的信息可以被安装有适当软件的光学设备读取。这种设备既可以是专用的QR code读取器也可以是手机。
通过调用 Google Chart Tools / Image Charts 的 API ,可以很方便的生成QRcode。
调用方式也很简单,只要向 http://chart.apis.google.com/chart 传入适合的参数就可以了,参数如下:
1. cht=qr
这个是必需的,告诉 API ,你需要生成的是二维码。
2. chs=<width>x<height>
这个同样是必需的,告诉 API ,你需要生成的二维码的尺寸。
3. chl=<data>
这个还是必需的,用来告诉 API 二维码所包含的信息。可以是数字、字符数字、字符、二进制信息、汉字。不能混合数据类型。数据必须经过UTF-8 URL-encoded。如果需要传递的信息超过2K个字节,请使用POST方式。
4. choe=<output_encoding>
终于来了个不是必须的,这个是用来声明生成的二维码所包含信息的编码,默认是 UTF-8 ;其他可选编码是 Shift_JIS 、 ISO-8859-1
5. chld=<error_correction_level>|<margin>
可选 纠错等级。QR码支持四个等级的纠错,用来恢复丢失的、读错的、模糊的、数据。下面是可选的值:L-(默认)可以识别已损失7%的数据;M-可以识别已损失15%的数据;Q-可以识别已损失25%的数据;H-可以识别已损失30%的数据。margin 是指生成的二维码离图片边框的距离。
QR码是方形的,有相同的长和宽。QR码的大小是固定的:从21到177的长/宽,每次递增4个像素点。每个配置被称为一个等级。长和宽越大,存储的信息就越多。下面是版本摘要:
等级为1的QR码长和宽分别为21个像素,最多可以存储25个字母数字和字符。
等级为2的QR码长和宽分别为25个像素,最多可以存储47个字母数字和字符。
…以此类推 。
Chart API会根据你将存储的信息的大小来决定使用哪个等级的QR码。最棒的QR码阅读器可以读取等级为40的QR码中存储的信息。然而通常来说移动设备最多可以读取等级为4的QR码中存储的信息。
下面来介绍使用PHP调取Google Chart API 来生成二维码
<?php
class qrcode
{
private $data;
//creating text qr code
public function text($text){
$this->data = $text;
}
//creating code with link mtadata
public function link($url){
if (preg_match('/^http:\/\//', $url) || preg_match('/^https:\/\//', $url))
{
$this->data = $url;
}
else
{
$this->data = "<a href="http://".$url">http://".$url</a>;
}
}
//creating code with bookmark metadata
public function bookmark($title, $url){
$this->data = "MEBKM:TITLE:".$title.";URL:".$url.";;";
}
//creating code with email address metadata
public function email_address($email){
$this->data = "<a href="mailto:".$email">MAILTO:".$email</a>;
}
//creating code with email metadata
public function email($email, $subject, $message){
$this->data = "MATMSG:TO:".$email.";SUB:".$subject.";BODY:".$message.";;";
}
//creating code with phone
public function phone_number($phone){
$this->data = "TEL:".$phone;
}
//creating code with sms metadata
public function sms($phone, $text){
$this->data = "SMSTO:".$phone.":".$text;
}
//creating code with mms metadata
public function mms($phone, $text){
$this->data = "MMSTO:".$phone.":".$text;
}
//creating code with mecard metadata
public function contact_info($name, $address, $phone, $email){
$this->data = "MECARD:N:".$name.";ADR:".$address.";TEL:".$phone.";EMAIL:".$email.";;";
}
//creating code with geo location metadata
public function geo($lat, $lon, $height){
$this->data = "GEO:".$lat.",".$lon.",".$height;
}
//creating code with wifi configuration metadata
public function wifi($type, $ssid, $pass){
$this->data = "WIFI:T:".$type.";S".$ssid.";".$pass.";;";
}
//creating code with i-appli activating meta data
public function iappli($adf, $cmd, $param){
$cur = current($param);
$next = next($param);
$param_str = "";
foreach($cur as $key => $val)
{
$param_str .= "PARAM:".$val.",".$next[$key].";";
}
$this->data = "LAPL:ADFURL:".$adf.";CMD:".$cmd.";".$param_str.";";
}
//creating code with gif or jpg image, or smf, MFi or ToruCa files as content
public function content($type, $size, $content){
$this->data = "CNTS:TYPE:".$type.";LNG:".$size.";BODY:".$content.";;";
}
//getting image
public function get_image($size = 150, $EC_level = 'L', $margin = '0'){
$ch = curl_init();
$this->data = urlencode($this->data);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://chart.apis.google.com/chart');
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, 'chs='.$size.'x'.$size.'&cht;=qr&chld;='.$EC_level.'|'.$margin.'&chl;='.$this->data);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 30);
$response = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
return $response;
}
//getting link for image
public function get_link($size = 150, $EC_level = 'L', $margin = '0'){
$this->data = urlencode($this->data);
return 'http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chs='.$size.'x'.$size.'&cht;=qr&chld;='.$EC_level.'|'.$margin.'&chl;='.$this->data;
}
//forsing image download
public function download_image($file){
header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
header('Content-Type: image/png');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=QRcode.png');
header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
header('Expires: 0');
header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0');
header('Pragma: public');
header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file));
ob_clean();
flush();
echo $file;
}
}
?>
使用上述二维码PHP类的方法:
<?php
include("qrcode.php");
$qr = new qrcode();
//bookmark
$title = "标点符";
$url = "http://www.biaodianfu.com/";
$qr->bookmark($title,$url);
//获取二维码图片URL
echo "<img src='".$qr->get_link()."'>";
//here is the way to output image
//header("Content-type:image/png");
//echo $qr->get_image();
//and here is the way to force image download
//$file = $qr->get_image();
//$qr->download_image($file)
?>