音频也是在onActivityResult中获取
调用系统音频：

 Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.Audio.Media.RECORD_SOUND_ACTION);
        startActivityForResult(intent, RECORD_AUDIO);

获取Uri：

 @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case RECORD_AUDIO:
                try {
                    Uri uri = data.getData();
                    String filePath = getAudioFilePathFromUri(uri);
                    Log.d(TAG, filePath);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    private String getAudioFilePathFromUri(Uri uri) {
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver()
                .query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        int index = cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Audio.AudioColumns.DATA);
        return cursor.getString(index);
    }

filePath就是你录的音频文件，你可以copy到任何位置。
不用忘记添加uses-permission相关权限